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•	Farming intensity (fallow or permanent crop)
•	Farming tools (manual, bullock, tractor)
•	Fertilizer application
•	Soil quality (e.g. nutrient availability, storage capacity)
•	Topography (hilltop, slope, valley)
•	Cropping system (mixed or mono cropping)
•	Irrigation (dam, river, wells)
•	Use of trees and wood (firewood, livestock feeding)
•	Livestock density (livestock unit per hectare)
•	Livestock type (cow, goat, sheep, fowl)
•	Bush fires for hunting and grazing
•	Increasing climate variability
•	Improved crop variety (hybrids)
•	Weeds (e.g. striga)
•	Mining (gold, sand, stone)
•	Settlements	
•	Infrastructure (roads, hospitals, markets)
•	Rural household size
•	Land size available for farming
•	Money available for farming
•	Labour available for farming
•	Gender: male or female farmer (e.g. use rights)
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•	Education
•	Changes in religious pattern (e.g. importance of sacred forest and ceremonies)
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•	Service by extension officers
•	Fertilizer subsidies
•	Foreign agricultural large-scale investments
•	Credits by family, bank, government or NGO
•	Science and research
•	International funding/ development aid

Trends in land cover type and crop type under “business as usual” in the Upper East Region;  from significant decrease to significant increase(Likert-scale); for following land use types:
•	Cropland
•	Grassland/grazing land
•	Bush savanna
•	Tree plantations
•	Bare land
•	Water bodies
•	Urban area
•	Others

For following crop types:
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•	Sorghum
•	Maize
•	Soy beans
•	Groundnuts
•	Bambara beans
•	Cowpeas
•	Cotton
•	Irrigated rice
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•	Future crop: Sesame
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