This reports concludes that the livelihood resilience of fishermen in Northern Benin is challenged by many factors, among them poverty and lack of institutional support. The assets entitlment and endowment of fishermens are minimal and faced with limited livelihood strategies. Low level of education and lack of vocational training and skills coupled with saving skills restrict the ability of fishermen to acquire the necessary assets for the expansion of their businesses. The open-access nature of river Pendjari attract many people into fishing while the limited space for fishing contribute to resource depletion and rectict accumulation respectively.